How to Stop all processes on linux

To Stop all the processes in the linux machine the command goes as below
Command: halt

Which will Stop all processes.

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How to start and stop in linux

Starting & Stopping
>> Shutdown the system now and do not reboot
Command: shutdown -h now

>> Shutdown the system in 5 minutes and reboot
command: shutdown -r 5

>> Shutdown the system now and reboot
Command: shutdown -r now

>>Stop all processes and then reboot - same as above
Command: reboot

>> Start the X system
Command: startx

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linux ftp command

How to connect to the FTP?

On the command prompt type ftp command with the arguments
- ftp "REMOTE SERVER"

If your server is having the Authentication please provide the username and the password.If the login is successful then you are in the FTP to the REMOTE SERVER.

What are the commands can be used?
ascii
bell
binary
bye
case
cd remote-directory
cdup
chmod mode file-name
close
cr
delete remote-file
debug [debug-value ]
dir [remote-directory ] [local-file ]
disconnect
form format
get remote-file [local-file ]
glob
hash
help [command ]
idle [seconds ]
lcd [directory ]
ls [remote-directory ] [local-file ]
macdef macro-name
mdelete [remote-files ]
mdir remote-files local-file
mget remote-files
mkdir directory-name
mls remote-files local-file
mode [mode-name ]
modtime file-name
mput local-files
newer file-name [local-file ]
nlist [remote-directory ] [local-file ]
nmap [inpattern outpattern ]
ntrans [inchars [outchars ] ]
open host [port ]
prompt
proxy ftp-command
put local-file [remote-file ]
pwd
quit
quote arg1 arg2 ...
recv remote-file [local-file ]
reget remote-file [local-file ]
remotehelp [command-name ]
remotestatus [file-name ]
rename [from ] [to ]
reset
restart marker
rmdir directory-name
runique
send local-file [remote-file ]
sendport
site arg1 arg2 ...
size file-name
status
struct [struct-name ]
sunique
system
tenex
trace
type [type-name ]
umask [newmask ]
user user-name [password ] [account ]
verbose

Example

yourserver>ftp "REMOTE SERVER NAME"
ftp> get image1.jpg

This is used to transfer a image file from remote to the local machine.

What are other ftp methods available?
The Different methods of ftp's available are

Console FTP clients
NcFTP
lukemftp
lftp
cftp
yafc
gFTP
WXftp
guiftp
LLNL XDIR and XFTP

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linux copy command

The linux copy command go as below

cp [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST
cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
cp [OPTION]... --target-directory

The copy command is used major copy operation some them are listed below

make a backup of each existing destination file
like --backup but does not accept an argument
copy contents of special files when recursive
same as --no-dereference --preserve=link
if an existing destination file cannot be opened, remove it and try again
prompt before overwrite
follow command-line symbolic links
link files instead of copying
always follow symbolic links
same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps
don't preserve the specified attributes
always make simple backups

Example
File copy
cp file1.txt newdir

File copy from directory to other
cp /home/file.txt /home/file.bak

Copy all file to different directory
cp *.txt "destination directory"

Recursive copy
cp -r /home/files/* /home/backup

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How to find dns,How to find dns server

-- We find the dns of the server with below mention commands.

First we will see how to find the dns on a linux machine.Type the below command

$ cat /etc/resolv.conf

this command output contains some thing like nameserver which is nothing but the DNS ip adress.


-- If you want find the dns server on the windows machine ,it is very simple...

One way is goto the command prompt[I.e start button -> run -> type cmd and click ok]

In the command prompt type below mention command..

ipconfig /all

which gets you the DNS server ip address .



one more way to find the dns server ip is

- Goto Start button --> Settings --> Network connections
- Double click on Local Area Connection
- Click on Properties button
- Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
- Click on Properties button and Look for Preferred DNS Server:



If this is usefull Please leave your comments below...

Thanks

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How to USE accept linux command

accept [option] destination

The accept function is used with connection-based socket types (SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_SEQPACKET and SOCK_RDM).
It extracts the first connection request on the queue of pending connections, creates a new connected socket with mostly the same properties as s, and allocates a new file descriptor for the socket, which is returned. The newly created socket is no longer in the listening state.
System administration command. Instruct printing system to accept jobs for the specified print queue or queues. Depending on queue settings, the system may prompt for a password. Also invoked as cupsaccept.

Option

-E

Require encryption when connecting.

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how to find out your ip address

Finding Ip address of your computer is easy.

Let us see on windows platform how we can find it..

- Goto to the command prompt.In the command prompt type the below command

"ipconfig"


- This command will display the

Windows IP Configuration


Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection:

Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . :
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . :
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . :

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How to find ip addresses

Finding Ip address of your computer is easy.

Let us see on windows platform how we can find it..

- Goto to the command prompt.In the command prompt type the below command

"ipconfig"


- This command will display the

Windows IP Configuration


Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection:

Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . :
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . :
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . :

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How To Download Files in command prompt

You can just download the file and Webpages from the Internet to your local computer from the command prompt.Following steps will guide you to the process of doing this .

Step 1 : download the wget.exe

Step 2: goto the localation where you are downloaded the wget.exe from the command prompt.

Step 3: Execute the command -> wget "http://www.aacharisu.com"

Step 4: The About command downloads the whole home page of the www.aacharisu.com website.

The wget can download almost all the file from the internet.

Your can download the file in a batch for example.

* If you want more the one URL/files to be downloaded then use the below option

wget -i file.txt

Where the file .txt contants the URL/File locations..

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How to Find Linux OS Version

Following are the some of the methods to find the OS version on Linux machine.

Use uname command which print certain system information such as:
Kernel version and name,Print the machine hardware name and print the processor type.

a - Print basic information currently available from the system.

v - Print the operating system version.

r - Print the operating system release level.

Type the commands below to get the Linux OS verison.

* uname -avr

* uname -mrsn


More method


You can also obtain kernel version from /proc/version file:

$ cat /proc/version

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